|
Our Lady of Aparecida ((ポルトガル語:Nossa Senhora Aparecida) or (:ˈnɔsɐ siˈɲɔɾɐ dɐ kõsejˈsɐ̃w ɐpɐɾeˈsidɐ)) is a celebrated 18th-century clay statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the traditional form associated with the Immaculate Conception. The image is widely venerated by Brazilian Catholics, who consider her as the principal patroness of Brazil.〔 Historical accounts state that the statue was originally found by three fishermen who miraculously caught many fish after invoking the Blessed Virgin Mary. The statue is currently housed in the Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of Aparecida in Aparecida, São Paulo, Brazil. Colonial documents and papal bulls have referred to the image as ''Nossa Senhora da Conçeicão Aparecida''. The Roman Rite feast day of Our Lady of Aparecida is on 12 October, which since 1980 is also a public holiday in Brazil. The building in which it is venerated was granted the title of minor basilica by Pope John Paul II in 1980, and is the largest Marian shrine in the world,〔Allen, John. ("A look ahead to Benedict in Brazil" ). National Catholic Reporter. May 3, 2007〕 being able to hold up to 45,000 worshippers.〔 Controversy about the statue was ignited in May 1978 by an intruder who stole the clay statue, which was smashed as he was apprehended, from its shrine, and again in 1995, when a Protestant minister insulted and vandalized a copy of the statue on Brazilian national television. The following papal documents concern the statue: * Pope Leo XIII mentioned the Brazilian devotion to ''Nossa Senhora da Conçeicão Aparecida'' in 1903 * Pope Saint Pius X granted a canonical coronation to the image on 8 December 1904 * Pope Pius XI declared Mary under this title Patroness of Brazil through a papal bull of 16 July 1930, signed by Cardinal Secretary of State Eugenio Pacelli. * Pope Paul VI granted the image her first golden rose on 12 August 1967 * Pope John Paul II raised her sanctuary a minor basilica on 4 July 1980〔http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/homilies/1980/documents/hf_jp-ii_hom_19800704_aparecida-brazil_en.html〕 * Pope Benedict XVI granted the image her second golden rose on 12 May 2007 ==History== According to the account of the discovery of the statue in October 1717, Dom Pedro de Almeida, Count of Assumar and Governor of the Province of São Paulo and Minas Gerais, was passing through the area of Guaratinguetá, a small city in the Paraíba river valley,〔("Brazil: Our Lady "Aparecida" (who appeared)", Marian Titles in the Popular Religiosity of Latin America, Univ. of Dayton )〕 during a trip to Vila Rica, an important gold mining site. As the people of Guaratinguetá decided to hold a feast in his honour, three fishermen, Domingos Garcia, João Alves, and Filipe Pedroso went down to the Paraíba waters to fish. The fishermen prayed to Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception that God would grant a good catch. The fishermen, having a run of bad luck, cast their nets in the River Paraiba and dragged up a headless statue of the Virgin Mary. They also salvaged the head and, according to the legend, then netted plenty of fish.〔("Brazil's giant basilica is backdrop for Pope visit", May 6, 2007 )〕 After cleaning the statue, they found that it was a black version of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception.〔 Legend has it that when the fishermen recovered the body, then the head, the slender figure of the Aparecida Virgin became so heavy that they couldn't budge it.〔 The fishermen named the statue ''Nossa Senhora da Aparecida Conceição'' ((英語:Our Lady of the Appeared Conception)).〔(Our Lady Aparecida profile ) at Catholic Media.〕 Neighbors began to venerate the statue, which came to be known as Our Lady of Aparecida, and devotion grew. The first chapel was built in 1745.〔 Devotion to the statue grew rapidly, particularly among Afro-Brazilians, not only for its black Madonna status, but also because it was reported to have performed a miracle for an enslaved young man. Over the years following its discovery, veneration of the Virgin invoked as Aparecida increased as many miracles were attributed to her.〔 For the following fifteen years, the statue remained within Filipe Pedroso's family, and neighbors came to venerate it. Stories of Our Lady of Aparecida's miracles were spread throughout Brazil, and the Pedroso family built her a chapel which soon became too small for so many worshippers. In 1737 the priest of Guaratinguetá built her a chapel〔 on the Morro dos Coqueiros (Hill of Coconut Palms), where public visits began in July 1745. The number of worshippers increased dramatically, and in 1834 work on a larger church was begun; this became known as the "Old Basilica" when work on the even larger "New Basilica" was started in 1955; it received pontifical approbation in 1980.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Our Lady of Aparecida」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|